HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy
Principal Features
HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy (UNS N07001) is an age-hardenable, nickel-based superalloy with very good strength at temperatures up to about 1800°F (980°C). It is widely used as a wrought material for forged and fabricated gas turbine and aerospace components. Its strength is generally comparable to HAYNES® R-41 alloy, and is superior to that of alloy 718 at temperatures above 1200-1300°F (650-705°C). Waspaloy alloy can be cold-formed in the annealed condition, and may also be hot-formed at temperatures of 1900°F (1040°C) or above. Weldability us somewhat limited by susceptibility to strain age cracking under conditions of heavy restraint. The alloy exhibits good resistance to gas turbine combustion environments at temperatures up to about 1600°F (870°C). Waspaloy alloy is now being replaced in many applications by HAYNES® 282® alloy, due to the superior fabricability and creep-strength of 282® alloy.
*Please contact our technical support team if you have technical questions about this alloy.
Nominal Composition
| Weight % | |
| Nickel | 58 Balance |
| Cobalt | 13.5 |
| Iron | 2 max. |
| Chromium | 19.0 |
| Molybdenum | 4.3 |
| Aluminum | 1.5 |
| Titanium | 3.0 |
| Carbon | 0.08 |
| Manganese | 0.1 max. |
| Silicon | 0.15 max. |
| Boron | 0.006 |
| Zirconium: | 0.05 |
Heat Treatment
Wrought HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy is furnished in the solution annealed condition unless otherwise specified. After component fabrication, the alloy would normally again be solution annealed at 1950 to 2000°F (1066 to 1093°C) for a time commensurate with section thickness and rapidly cooled or water-quenched for optimal properties. Following solution annealing, the alloy is given a three-step age-hardening treatment to optimize the microstructure and induce age-hardening. The first step is 1825°F (996°C) for 2 hours followed by air cooling. The second step is 1550°F (843°C) for 4 hours followed by air cooling. The final step is 1400°F (760°C) for 16 hours followed by air cooling.
Oxidation Resistance
Static Oxidation Testing
Environment: Flowing Air
Test Duration: 1,008 h
Number of Cycles: 6
Cycle Length: 168 h
Temperatures: 1600, 1700, 1800°F (871, 927, 982°C)
Metal Loss = (A-B)/2
Average Internal Penetration = C
Maximum Internal Penetration = D
Average Metal Affected = Metal Loss + Average Internal Penetration
Maximum Metal Affected = Metal Loss + Maximum Internal Penetration
Comparative Oxidation Resistance in Flowing Air, 1008 Hours
| Alloy | 1600°F (871°C) | 1700°F (927°C) | 1800°F (982°C) | |||||||||
| Metal Loss | Avg. Met. Aff. | Metal Loss | Avg. Met. Aff. | Metal Loss | Avg. Met. Aff. | |||||||
| mils | μm | mils | μm | mils | μm | mils | μm | mils | μm | mils | μm | |
| 263 | 0.1 | 3 | 0.4 | 10 | 0.2 | 5 | 0.7 | 18 | 0.9 | 23 | 5.0 | 127 |
| 282® | 0.2 | 5 | 0.6 | 15 | 0.1 | 3 | 1.1 | 28 | 0.2 | 5 | 1.8 | 46 |
| R‐41 | 0.2 | 5 | 0.8 | 20 | 0.2 | 5 | 1.5 | 38 | 0.2 | 5 | 2.9 | 74 |
| Waspaloy | 0.3 | 8 | 1.4 | 36 | 0.3 | 8 | 3.4 | 86 | 0.7 | 18 | 5.0 | 127 |
Dynamic Oxidation Testing (Burner Rig)
Burner rig oxidation tests were conducted by exposing, in a rotating holder, samples 0.375 inch x 2.5 inches x thickness (9.5mm x 64mm x thickness) to the products of combustion of fuel oil (2 parts No. 1 and 1 part No. 2), burned at an air to fuel ratio of about 50:1. The gas velocity was about 0.3 mach. Samples were automatically removed from the gas stream every 30 minutes and fan cooled to less than 500°F (260°C) and then reinserted into the flame tunnel.
| Alloy | 1600°F (871°C), 1000 hours, 30 minute cycles | 1800°F (982°C), 1000 hours, 30 minute cycles | ||||||
| Metal Loss, | Avg. Met. Aff. | Metal Loss, | Avg. Met. Aff. | |||||
| mils | μm | mils | μm | mils | μm | mils | μm | |
| 263 | 1.4 | 36 | 4.0 | 102 | 12.5 | 318 | 16.1 | 409 |
| 282® | 1.8 | 46 | 4.2 | 107 | 8.0 | 203 | 13.0 | 330 |
| Waspaloy | 1.9 | 48 | 4.3 | 109 | 9.5 | 241 | 13.6 | 345 |
| R‐41 | 1.2 | 30 | 4.4 | 112 | 5.8 | 147 | 12.1 | 307 |
Typical Tensile Properties
HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy Typical Tensile Properties
| Test Temperature | 0.2% Yield Strength | Ultimate Tensile Strength | 4D Elongation | |||
| °F | °C | ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | % |
| RT | RT | 130.4 | 899 | 189.2 | 1304 | 24.5 |
| 400 | 204 | 118.9* | 820* | 183.2* | 1263* | 24.4* |
| 800 | 427 | 120.4* | 830* | 171.6* | 1183* | 22.6* |
| 1000 | 538 | 117.8 | 812 | 170.4 | 1175 | 22.0 |
| 1200 | 649 | 113.8 | 784 | 164.9 | 1137 | 31.9 |
| 1400 | 760 | 102.4 | 706 | 119.2 | 822 | 32.8 |
| 1500 | 816 | 75.0 | 517 | 91.9 | 633 | 39.7 |
| 1600 | 871 | 51.8 | 357 | 66.2 | 456 | 48.0 |
| 1700 | 927 | 30.5 | 210 | 43.1 | 297 | 57.7 |
| 1800 | 982 | 19.2 | 132 | 25.2 | 174 | 57.8 |
| 2000 | 1093 | 4.5* | 31* | 7.4* | 51* | 135.5* |
* Limited data
Samples were age hardened by treating at 1825°F (995°C)/2 Hr./AC + 1550°F (845°C)/4 Hr./AC + 1400°F (760°C)/16 Hr./AC
Thermal Stability
HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy Thermal Stability
| Condition | Test Temperature | 0.2% Yield Strength | Ultimate Tensile Strength | 4D Elongation | |||
| °F | °C | ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | % | |
| Solution Annealed | RT | RT | 64.3 | 443 | 128.8 | 888 | 50.1 |
| Age Hardened* | RT | RT | 129.4 | 892 | 189.9 | 1309 | 24.9 |
| 1200 | 649 | 114 | 786 | 166.1 | 1145 | 31.8 | |
| 1400 | 760 | 103.7 | 715 | 119.6 | 825 | 34.5 | |
| 1500 | 816 | 75.9 | 523 | 92.1 | 635 | 40.6 | |
| 1600 | 871 | 52.6 | 363 | 66.9 | 461 | 45.7 | |
| Age Hardened* + 1200°F/8000h | RT | RT | 137.8 | 950 | 197 | 1358 | 21.8 |
| 1200 | 649 | 120.7 | 832 | 171.3 | 1181 | 29.7 | |
| Age Hardened* + 1400°F/8000h | RT | RT | 115.2 | 794 | 178.2 | 1229 | 19 |
| 1400 | 760 | 80.2 | 553 | 110.3 | 760 | 32.1 | |
| Age Hardened* + 1500°F/8000h | RT | RT | 93.2 | 643 | 160.4 | 1106 | 22.2 |
| 1500 | 816 | 51.1 | 352 | 79.9 | 551 | 31.3 | |
| Age Hardened* + 1600°F/8000h | RT | RT | 66 | 455 | 115.7 | 798 | 13 |
| 1600 | 871 | 30.5 | 210 | 49.9 | 344 | 29.2 | |
*Samples were age hardened by treating at 1825°F (995°C)/2 Hr./AC + 1550°F (845°C)/4 Hr./AC + 1400°F (760°C)/16 Hr./AC
Creep and Stress-Rupture Strength
HAYNES® Waspaloy Sheet, Age Hardened*
HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy Creep and Stress-Rupture Strength HAYNES® Waspaloy Sheet, Age Hardened*
| Temperature | Creep | Approximate Initial Stress to Produce Specified Creep in | ||||
| 100h | 1000h | |||||
| °F | °C | % | ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa |
| 1200 | 649 | 1 | 81 | 558 | 67 | 462 |
| R | 92 | 634 | 80 | 552 | ||
| 1300 | 704 | 1 | 63 | 434 | 46 | 317 |
| 517 | 57 | 393 | 57 | 393 | ||
| 1400 | 760 | 1 | 41 | 283 | 28 | 193 |
| 365 | 35 | 241 | 35 | 241 | ||
| 1500 | 816 | 1 | 25 | 172 | 16 | 110 |
| 221 | 20 | 138 | 20 | 138 | ||
| 1600 | 871 | 1 | 15 | 103 | 7.0 | 48 |
| 131 | 10 | 69 | 10 | 69 | ||
| 1700 | 927 | 1 | 6.4 | 44 | 3.0 | 21 |
| 69 | 4.8 | 33 | 4.8 | 33 | ||
*Samples were age hardened by treating at 1825°F (995°C)/2 Hr./AC + 1550°F (845°C)/4 Hr./AC + 1400°F (760°C)/16 Hr./AC
Physical Properties
| Physical Property | British Units | Metric Units | ||
| Density | RT |
0.296 lb/in3 |
RT |
8.20 g/cm3 |
| Melting Temperature | 2425-2475°F | - | 1330-1360°C | - |
| Thermal Conductivity | 400°F |
88 Btu-in/ft2-hr-°F |
200°C | 12.6 W/m-°C |
| 800°F |
112 Btu-in/ft2-hr-°F |
400°C | 15.7 W/m-°C | |
| 1000°F |
125 Btu-in/ft2-hr-°F |
600°C | 19.1 W/m-°C | |
| 1200°F |
139 Btu-in/ft2-hr-°F |
700°C | 20.9 W/m-°C | |
| 1400°F |
152 Btu-in/ft2-hr-°F |
800°C | 22.7 W/m-°C | |
| 1600°F |
167 Btu-in/ft2-hr-°F |
900°C | 24.5 W/m-°C | |
| Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 70-800°F | 7.6 µin/in -°F | 20-500°C |
13.9 x 10-6m/m·°C |
| 70-1000°F | 7.8 µin/in -°F | 20-600°C |
14.3 x 10-6m/m·°C |
|
| 70-1200°F | 8.1 µin/in -°F | 20-700°C |
14.8 x 10-6m/m·°C |
|
| 70-1400°F | 8.4 µin/in -°F | 20-800°C |
15.4 x 10-6m/m·°C |
|
| 70-1600°F | 8.9 µin/in -°F | 20-900°C |
16.4 x 10-6m/m·°C |
|
| 70-1800°F | 9.7 µin/in -°F | 20-1000°C |
17.8 x 10-6m/m·°C |
|
| Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity | 70°F |
30.9 x 106 psi |
20°C | 213 GPa |
| 400°F |
29.5 x 106 psi |
200°C | 204 GPa | |
| 800°F |
27.7 x 106 psi |
400°C | 192 GPa | |
| 1000°F |
26.7 x 106 psi |
600°C | 180 GPa | |
| 1200°F |
25.6 x 106 psi |
700°C | 172 GPa | |
| 1400°F |
24.3 x 106 psi |
800°C | 164 GPa | |
| 1600°F |
22.9 x 106 psi |
900°C | 155 GPa | |
| 1800°F |
21.1 x 106 psi |
1000°C | 146 GPa | |
RT= Room Temperature
Low Cycle Fatigue
Comparative Low-Cycle Fatigue Data
Fabrication
Solution Annealed Room Temperature Hardness
| Form | Hardness | Typical ASTM Grain Size | ||||
| Sheet | 93 HRBW | 5-6.5 | ||||
| Plate | 29 HRC | 5.5 – 6.5 | ||||
All samples tested in solution-annealed condition
HRBW = Hardness Rockwell “B”, Tungsten Indentor.
HRC = Hardness Rockwell “C”.
Waspaloy, Solution Annealed, Room Temperature Tensile
| Form | Test Temperature | 0.2% Yield Strength | Ultimate Tensile Strength | 4D Elongation | |||
| °F | °C | ksi | MPa | ksi | MPa | % | |
| Sheet | RT | RT | 60.8 | 419 | 131.9 | 909 | 52.2 |
| Plate | RT | RT | 87.6 | 604 | 154.7 | 1067 | 42.3 |
Welding
For welding HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy, please review the General Welding and Joining Guidelines. In addition to those guidelines, there are some additional considerations when welding Waspaloy alloy.
HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy is a precipitation-strengthened alloy and requires a postweld heat treatment (PWHT) to develop suitable properties. Postweld heat treatment for Waspaloy alloy consists of two parts: a solution anneal, which is followed by a three-step aging treatment. Details can be found here . During PWHT, the gamma-prime phase (Ni3Al,Ti) precipitates and the alloy undergoes a slight volumetric contraction. This makes it susceptible to strain-age cracking, which typically occurs upon heating to the solution annealing temperature. To inhibit strain-age cracking, the heating rate to the solution annealing temperature should be as fast as possible, within the capability of the furnace being used.
Filler metal of matching composition is suggested for welding Waspaloy alloy to itself. For filler metal suggestions for welding Waspaloy alloy to other alloys, please refer to the Haynes Welding SmartGuide, or contact Haynes International for further guidance.
Specifications and Codes
Specifications
| HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy (N07001) | |||||||
| Sheet, Plate & Strip | AMS 5544 | ||||||
| Billet, Rod & Bar | AMS 5704 AMS 5706 AMS 5707 SB 637/B 637 | ||||||
| Coated Electrodes | - | ||||||
| Bare Welding Rods & Wire | AMS 5828 | ||||||
| Seamless Pipe & Tube | - | ||||||
| Welded Pipe & Tube | - | ||||||
| Fittings | - | ||||||
| Forgings | AMS 5704 AMS 5706 AMS 5707 SB 637/ B637 | ||||||
| DIN | - | ||||||
| Others | - | ||||||
Codes
| HAYNES® Waspaloy alloy (N07001) | |
| MMPDS | 6.3.8 |
Disclaimer
Haynes International makes all reasonable efforts to ensure the accuracy and correctness of the data displayed on this site but makes no representations or warranties as to the data’s accuracy, correctness or reliability. All data are for general information only and not for providing design advice. Alloy properties disclosed here are based on work conducted principally by Haynes International, Inc. and occasionally supplemented by information from the open literature and, as such, are indicative only of the results of such tests and should not be considered guaranteed maximums or minimums. It is the responsibility of the user to test specific alloys under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular purpose.
For specific concentrations of elements present in a particular product and a discussion of the potential health affects thereof, refer to the Safety Data Sheets supplied by Haynes International, Inc. All trademarks are owned by Haynes International, Inc., unless otherwise indicated.
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