Principal Features

Exceptional resistance to HCl and H2SO4 and enhanced structural stability

HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy (UNS N10675) exhibits extremely high resistance to pure hydrochloric, hydrobromic, and sulfuric acids. Furthermore, it has greatly improved structural stability compared with previous B-type alloys, leading to fewer concerns during welding, fabrication, and service.

Like other nickel alloys (in the mill annealed condition), it is ductile, can be formed and welded, and resists stress corrosion cracking in chloride-bearing solutions. Also, it is able to withstand fluoride-bearing media and concentrated sulfuric acid, both of which result in damage to zirconium alloys.

HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy is available in the form of plates, sheets, strips, billets, bars, wires, pipes, tubes, and coated electrodes. It is used in numerous chemical process industry (CPI) applications, especially in the construction of reaction vessels for pure, reducing acid service.

*Please contact our technical support team if you have technical questions about this alloy.

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Nominal Composition

Weight %
Nickel 65 min.
Molybdenum 28.5
Chromium 1.5
Iron 1.5
Tungsten 3 max.
Manganese 3 max.
Cobalt 3 max.
Aluminum 0.5 max.
Titanium 0.2 max.
Silicon 0.1 max.
Carbon 0.01 max.
Niobium 0.2 max.
Vanadium 0.2 max.
Copper 0.2 max.
Tantalum 0.2 max.
Zirconium 0.01 max.

Thermal Stability T T T Chart

The molybdenum content of the nickel-molybdenum (B-type) alloys is such that there is a strong tendency for phases other than the desirable (face-centered cubic) gamma phase to form in the microstructure, particularly in the temperature range 500°C to 900°C. The most deleterious of these alternate phases is Ni4Mo, which forms quickly at certain temperatures, affects ductility, and reduces resistance to stress corrosion cracking.

The chief attribute of B-3 alloy, as compared with other modern B-type materials, is its greatly improved structural stability (in particular its reduced susceptibility to Ni4Mo).

The time-temperature-transformation diagram shown above illustrates the advantages of B-3 alloy over its predecessor (B-2 alloy). Whereas B-2 alloy suffers from the rapid formation of Ni4Mo at around 750°C, it takes several hours (at around 650°C), to induce deleterious second phases in B-3 alloy. This is due to the judicious use of minor elements and a shift in the molybdenum content, to induce the slowly-forming Ni3Mo instead.

Iso Corrosion Diagrams

Each of these iso-corrosion diagrams was constructed using numerous corrosion rate values, generated at different acid concentrations and temperatures (up to the boiling point). The blue line represents those combinations of acid concentration and temperature at which a corrosion rate of 0.1 mm/y (4 mils per year) is expected, based on laboratory tests in reagent grade acids. Below the line, rates under 0.1 mm/y are expected. The red line in the sulfuric acid diagram indicates the combinations of acid concentration and temperature at which a corrosion rate of 0.5 mm/y (20 mils per year) is expected. Above the red line, rates over 0.5 mm/y are expected. Between the blue and red lines, corrosion rates are expected to fall between 0.1 and 0.5 mm/y. These diagrams do not predict the corrosion rates above the boiling point curves.

Selected Corrosion Data

Hydrobromic Acid

Conc. Wt.% 50°F 75°F 100°F 125°F 150°F 175°F 200°F 225°F Boiling
10°C 24°C 38°C 52°C 66°C 79°C 93°C 107°C
2.5 0.07 0.11 0.26 0.24 0.02
5 0.04 0.10 0.27 0.25 0.03
7.5
10 0.05 0.15 0.29 0.28 0.10
15
20 0.04 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.27 0.10
25
30 0.03 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.29 0.29
40 0.02 0.06 0.11 0.16 0.25 0.43

All corrosion rates are in millimeters per year (mm/y); to convert to mils (thousandths of an inch) per year, divide by 0.0254.
Data are from Corrosion Laboratory Jobs 71-97, 26-99, and 49-99.
All tests were performed in reagent grade acids under laboratory conditions; field tests are encouraged prior to industrial use.

Hydrochloric Acid

Conc. Wt.% 50°F 75°F 100°F 125°F 150°F 175°F 200°F 225°F Boiling
10°C 24°C 38°C 52°C 66°C 79°C 93°C 107°C
1 0.07 0.11 0.18 0.21 0.01
1.5
2 0.10 0.16 0.21 0.26 0.04
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5 0.11 0.19 0.25 0.30 0.08
7.5
10 0.13 0.20 0.24 0.29 0.13
15 0.10 0.18 0.23 0.28 0.21
20 0.10 0.15 0.21 0.30 0.29

All corrosion rates are in millimeters per year (mm/y); to convert to mils (thousandths of an inch) per year, divide by 0.0254.
Data are from Corrosion Laboratory Jobs 37-92, 30-94, and 42-95.
All tests were performed in reagent grade acids under laboratory conditions; field tests are encouraged prior to industrial use.

Phosphoric Acid

Conc. Wt.% 125°F 150°F 175°F 200°F 225°F 250°F 275°F 300°F Boiling
52°C 66°C 79°C 93°C 107°C 121°C 135°C 149°C
10 0.07
30 0.07
50 0.03 0.09
60 0.03 0.14
65
70 0.02 0.08 0.21
75 0.04
80 0.02 0.09 0.05 0.04
85 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.08 0.10

All corrosion rates are in millimeters per year (mm/y); to convert to mils (thousandths of an inch) per year, divide by 0.0254.
Data are from Corrosion Laboratory Jobs 113-92, 31-94, and 47-97.
All tests were performed in reagent grade acids under laboratory conditions; field tests are encouraged prior to industrial use.

Sulfuric Acid

Conc. Wt.% 75°F 100°F 125°F 150°F 175°F 200°F 225°F 250°F 275°F 300°F 350°F Boiling
24°C 38°C 52°C 66°C 79°C 93°C 107°C 121°C 135°C 149°C 177°C
1
2 0.07 0.09 0.13 0.11 0.10 0.01
3
4
5 0.07 0.08 0.15 0.13 0.11 0.01
10 0.04 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.01
20 0.03 0.08 0.11 0.02
30 0.02 0.06 0.09 0.02
40 0.03 0.06 0.02
50 0.03 0.04 0.03
60 0.02 0.03 0.05
70 0.01 0.03 0.11 0.15
80 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.44 4.76
90 0.02 0.05 0.11 0.14 0.76
96 0.02 0.09 0.22 0.35 2.59

All corrosion rates are in millimeters per year (mm/y); to convert to mils (thousandths of an inch) per year, divide by 0.0254.
Data are from Corrosion Laboratory Jobs 37-92, 29-94, 47-94, 42-95, and 14-96.
All tests were performed in reagent grade acids under laboratory conditions; field tests are encouraged prior to industrial use.

Reagent Grade Solutions, mm/y

Chemical Conc. 100°F 125°F 150°F 175°F 200°F Boiling
38°C 52°C 66°C 79°C 93°C
Acetic Acid 10 0.01
30 0.01
50 0.01
70 0.01
99 0.02
Formic Acid 10 0.01
20 0.02
30 0.02
40 0.01
60 0.01
89 0.01
Hydrobromic Acid 2.5 0.07 0.11 0.26 0.24 0.02
5 0.10 0.27 0.25 0.03
10 0.15 0.29 0.28 0.10
20 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.27 0.10
30 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.29 0.29
40 0.06 0.11 0.16 0.25 0.43
Hydrochloric Acid 1 0.07 0.11 0.18 0.21 0.01
2 0.10 0.16 0.21 0.26 0.04
5 0.11 0.19 0.25 0.30 0.08
10 0.13 0.20 0.24 0.29 0.13
15 0.10 0.18 0.23 0.28 0.21
20 0.10 0.15 0.21 0.30 0.29
Phosphoric Acid 10 0.07
30 0.07
50 0.03 0.09
60 0.03 0.14
70 0.02 0.21
80 0.02 0.04
85 0.02 0.10
Sulfuric Acid 10 0.04 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.01
20 0.03 0.08 0.11 0.02
30 0.02 0.06 0.09 0.02
40 0.03 0.06 0.02
50 0.03 0.04 0.03
60 0.02 0.03 0.05
70 0.01 0.15
80 0.01 4.76
90 0.02
96 0.02

Resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking

One of the chief attributes of the nickel alloys is their resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking. A common solution for assessing the resistance of materials to this extremely destructive form of attack is boiling 45% magnesium chloride (ASTM Standard G 36), typically with stressed U-bend samples. As is evident from the following results, the three nickel alloys, B-3®, C-276 and 625, are much more resistant to this form of attack than the comparative, austenitic stainless steels. The tests were stopped after 1,008 hours (six weeks).

Alloy Time to Cracking
316L 2 h
254SMO 24 h
625 No cracking in 1,008 h
C-276 No cracking in 1,008 h
B-3® No cracking in 1,008 h

Corrosion Resistance of Welds

To assess the resistance of welds to corrosion, Haynes International has chosen to test all-weld-metal samples, taken from the quadrants of cruciform assemblies, created using multiple gas metal arc (MIG) weld passes. Predictably, the inhomogeneous nature of weld microstructures leads to higher corrosion rates (than with homogeneous, wrought products) in some environments. Nevertheless, HASTELLOY B-3 alloy exhibits very high resistance to the key, inorganic acids, even in welded form, as shown in the following table:

Chemical Concentration Temperature Corrosion Rate
wt. % °F °C Weld Metal Wrought Base Metal
mpy mm/y mpy mm/y
H2SO4 30 200 93 3.5 0.09 3.5 0.09
H2SO4 50 200 93 5.1 0.13 1.6 0.04
H2SO4 70 200 93 1.2 0.03 0.4 0.01
H2SO4 90 200 93 1.8 0.02 0.8 0.02
HCl 5 200 93 11.8 0.3 11.8 0.3
HCl 10 200 93 11.4 0.29 11.4 0.29

Physical Properties

Physical Property British Units Metric Units
Density RT
0.333 lb/in3
RT
9.22 g/cm3
Electrical Resistivity RT 53.8 μohm.in RT 1.37 μohm.m
200°F 53.9 μohm.in 100°C 1.37 μohm.m
400°F 54.1 μohm.in 200°C 1.37 μohm.m
600°F 54.3 μohm.in 300°C 1.38 μohm.m
800°F 54.4 μohm.in 400°C 1.38 μohm.m
1000°F 55.4 μohm.in 500°C 1.40 μohm.m
1200°F 57.5 μohm.in 600°C 1.43 μohm.m
Thermal Conductivity RT
78 Btu.in/h.ft2°F
RT 11.2 W/m.°C
200°F
83 Btu.in/h.ft2°F
100°C 12.1 W/m.°C
400°F
93 Btu.in/h.ft2°F
200°C 13.4 W/m.°C
600°F
104 Btu.in/h.ft2°F
300°C 14.8 W/m.°C
800°F
116 Btu.in/h.ft2°F
400°C 16.3 W/m.°C
1000°F
129 Btu.in/h.ft2°F
500°C 17.9 W/m.°C
1200°F
142 Btu.in/h.ft2°F
600°C 19.6 W/m.°C
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 77-200°F 5.7 μin/in.°F 25-100°C 10.6 μm/m.°C
77-400°F 6.1 μin/in.°F 25-200°C 11.1 μm/m.°C
77-600°F 6.3 μin/in.°F 25-300°C 11.4 μm/m.°C
77-800°F 6.5 μin/in.°F 25-400°C 11.6 μm/m.°C
77-1000°F 6.6 μin/in.°F 25-500°C 11.8 μm/m.°C
77-1200°F 6.5 μin/in.°F 25-600°C 11.8 μm/m.°C
Specific Heat RT 0.089 Btu/lb.°F RT 373 J/kg.°C
200°F 0.092 Btu/lb.°F 100°C 382 J/kg.°C
400°F 0.098 Btu/lb.°F 200°C 409 J/kg.°C
600°F 0.102 Btu/lb.°F 300°C 421 J/kg.°C
800°F 0.104 Btu/lb.°F 400°C 431 J/kg.°C
1000°F 0.104 Btu/lb.°F 500°C 436 J/kg.°C
1200°F 0.112 Btu/lb.°F 600°C 434 J/kg.°C
Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity RT
31.4 x 106psi
RT 216 GPa
200°F
30.9 x 106psi
100°C 213 GPa
400°F
30.1 x 106psi
200°C 208 GPa
600°F
29.3 x 106psi
300°C 202 GPa
800°F
28.3 x 106psi
400°C 197 GPa
1000°F
27.2 x 106psi
500°C 190 GPa
1200°F
26.5 x 106psi
600°C 185 GPa
Melting Range 2500-2585°F 1370-1418°C

*RT= Room Temperature

Impact Strength

Form Thickness/Diameter Test Temperature Impact Strength Numberof Tests
in mm °F °C ft.lbf J
Plate 0.79 20 RT RT 353 479 3
Plate 0.79 20 -320 -196 334 453 3
Plate 1.38 35 RT RT 388 526 3
Plate 1.38 35 -320 -196 359 487 3
Bar 1.58 40 RT RT 388 526 3
Bar 1.58 40 -320 -196 339 460 3
Bar 1.97 50 RT RT 390 529 3
Bar 1.97 50 -320 -196 338 458 3

*Charpy V-Notch Samples.
RT= Room Temperature

Tensile Strength and Elongation

Form Thickness Test 0.2% Offset Ultimate Tensile Elongation
in mm °F °C ksi MPa ksi MPa %
Sheet 0.125 3.2 RT RT 61 421 125 862 53
Sheet 0.125 3.2 200 93 55 379 121 834 57
Sheet 0.125 3.2 400 204 47 324 110 758 60
Sheet 0.125 3.2 600 316 44 303 104 717 63
Sheet 0.125 3.2 800 427 42 290 102 703 62
Sheet 0.125 3.2 1000 538 39 269 98 676 59
Sheet 0.125 3.2 1200 649 46 317 104 717 56
Plate Multiple* RT RT 58 400 128 883 58
Plate Multiple* 200 93 54 372 122 841 58
Plate Multiple* 400 204 48 331 115 793 61
Plate Multiple* 600 316 44 303 111 765 62
Plate Multiple* 800 427 41 283 108 745 62
Plate Multiple* 1000 538 40 276 106 731 62
Plate Multiple* 1200 649 42 290 107 738 65

*Average values from the testing of 6 lots of plate (of different thicknesses) from three heats.
RT= Room Temperature

Hardness

Form Hardness, HRBW Typical ASTM Grain Size
Sheet 93 4.5 – 6.5
Plate 95 3.5 – 7
Bar 92 2 – 7.5

All samples tested in solution-annealed condition.
HRBW = Hardness Rockwell “B”, Tungsten Indentor.

Welding and Fabrication

HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy is very amenable to the Gas Metal Arc (GMA/MIG), Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA/TIG), and Shielded Metal Arc (SMA/Stick) welding processes. For matching filler metals (i.e. solid wires and coated electrodes) that are available for these processes, and welding guidelines, please click here.

Wrought products of HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy are supplied in the Mill Annealed (MA) condition, unless otherwise specified. This solution annealing procedure has been developed to optimize the alloy’s corrosion resistance and ductility. Following all hot forming operations, the material should be re-annealed, to restore optimum properties. In the case of cold-formed components of B-3® alloy, solution annealing should be performed prior to subsequent fabrication/welding when cold work is greater than about 7%. Otherwise, B-3® alloy is very susceptible to cracking in the welded region during subsequent fabrication/welding. The cracking may not become obvious until the component has been put into service. Care should also be taken to utilize well-controlled furnace annealing conditions: fast heat-up rate, precise temperature control, and rapid cooling.

The annealing temperature for HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy is 1066°C (1950°F), and water quenching is advised (rapid air cooling is feasible with structures thinner than 10 mm (0.375 in). A hold time at the annealing temperature of 10 to 30 minutes is recommended, depending on the thickness of the structure (thicker structures need the full 30 minutes).  For more details concerning the heat treatment of HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy, please click here.

HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy can be hot forged, hot rolled, hot upset, hot extruded, and hot formed. However, it is more sensitive to strain and strain rates than the austenitic stainless steels, and the hot working temperature range is quite narrow. For example, the recommended start temperature for hot forging is 1232°C (2250°F) and the recommended finish temperature is 982°C (1800°F).

Moderate reductions and frequent re-heating provide the best results, as described here. This reference also provides guidelines for cold forming, spinning, drop hammering, punching, and shearing. The alloy is stiffer than most austenitic stainless steels, and more energy is required during cold forming. Also, HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy work hardens more readily than most austenitic stainless steels, and may require several stages of cold work, with intermediate anneals.

While cold work does not usually affect the resistance of HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy to general corrosion, it can affect resistance to stress corrosion cracking. For optimum corrosion performance, therefore, the re-annealing of cold worked parts (following an outer fiber elongation of 7% or more) is important. Cold or hot formed heads should always be annealed after forming, regardless of forming strain level. This is especially important if the material is to be subsequently welded.

Specifications and Codes

Specifications

HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy (N10675, W80675)
Sheet, Plate & Strip SB 333/B 333P= 44
Billet, Rod & Bar SB 335/B 335B 472P= 44
Coated Electrodes SFA 5.11/ A5.11 (ENiMo-10)F= 44
Bare Welding Rods & Wire SFA 5.14/ A5.14 (ERNiMo-10)F= 44
Seamless Pipe & Tube SB 622/B 622P= 44
Welded Pipe & Tube SB 619/B 619P= 44
Fittings SB 366/B 366P= 44
Forgings SB 564/B 564P= 44
DIN 17744 No. 2.4600 NiMo29Cr
TÜV Werkstoffblatt 517Kennblatt 7615.00Kennblatt 7616.00Kennblatt 7617.00
Others

Codes

HASTELLOY® B-3® alloy (N10675, W80675)
ASME Section l -
Section lll Class 1 -
Class 2 -
Class 3 800ºF (427ºC)1
Section Vlll Div. 1 800ºF (427ºC)1
Div. 2 -
Section Xll 650°F (343°C)2
B16.5 800°F (427°C)3
B16.34 800°F (427°C)4
B31.1 -
B31.3 800°F (427°C)5
VdTÜV (doc #) 752°F (400ºC)6 #517

1Plate, Sheet, Bar, Forgings, welded pipe/tube, seamless pipe/tube
2Plate, Sheet, Bar, Forgings, fittings, welded pipe/tube 3Plate, Forgings, fittings
4Plate, Bar, Forgings, seamless pipe/tube
5Plate, Sheet, Bar, fittings, welded pipe/tube, seamless pipe/tube
6Plate, Shzeet, Bar, Forgings

Disclaimer

Haynes International makes all reasonable efforts to ensure the accuracy and correctness of the data displayed on this site but makes no representations or warranties as to the data’s accuracy, correctness or reliability. All data are for general information only and not for providing design advice. Alloy properties disclosed here are based on work conducted principally by Haynes International, Inc. and occasionally supplemented by information from the open literature and, as such, are indicative only of the results of such tests and should not be considered guaranteed maximums or minimums.  It is the responsibility of the user to test specific alloys under actual service conditions to determine their suitability for a particular purpose.For specific concentrations of elements present in a particular product and a discussion of the potential health affects thereof, refer to the Safety Data Sheets supplied by Haynes International, Inc.  All trademarks are owned by Haynes International, Inc., unless otherwise indicated.

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